By Liba Taub
В книге рассматриваются греческий и римский подходы и отношение к этой широкой дисциплине, которая в классический период включала не только "погоду", но и явления типа землетрясений или комет, которые сегодня были бы расценены как геологический, астрономический или сейсмологический фактор.
Учитывая господство сельского хозяйства в древнем обществе, не удивительно, что так много было написано о предсказаниях и объяснениях погоды, и о том, как противостоять против капризов и жестокости погоды и как добиться её расположения. Но изучение метеорологии в древности было не только практическим вопросом. Поэты, философы и врачи были также интересовались метеорологией, излагая важные вопросы о природе мира, или, иными словами, о единстве космических явлений, а также об отношениях между метеорологией и божественным.
Автор анализирует различные древние тексты, в которых встречаются метеорологические или научные идеи: от эпоса Гомера и дидактической поэзии Гесиода, Арата и Лукреция – до работ, типа «Метеорологии» Аристотеля и трактатов Гиппократа и Сенеки.Образцы сканов:
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110 Clearly, according to Columella, the farmer has rather different concerns from the astronomer, and so need not abide by a fixed astronomical calendar. Here, the suggestion is that, while astronomically based almanacs may be useful for farmers, the good husbandman cannot rely on them blindly. 225) that clothing merchants relied on astronomical predictions, noting that retailers used a study of the stars to help set prices for the coming season. 112 So strong practical interests may have motivated some astrometeorological predictions.
109 In other words, farmers would benefit from being able to plan and act ahead of weather changes, even if the time of those changes could not be precisely predicted. 110 Clearly, according to Columella, the farmer has rather different concerns from the astronomer, and so need not abide by a fixed astronomical calendar. Here, the suggestion is that, while astronomically based almanacs may be useful for farmers, the good husbandman cannot rely on them blindly. 225) that clothing merchants relied on astronomical predictions, noting that retailers used a study of the stars to help set prices for the coming season.
In some cases, Hesiod indicates that celestial phenomena can be associated with specific seasonal weather. ; at the end of October or the beginning of November); and ‘fifty days after the solstice . . 15 Hesiod’s Works and Days stands at the beginning of a special tradition of Greek and Roman astrometeorological texts,16 which correlate astronomical phenomena with weather phenomena. But it should be recognized that the poetic farmers’ almanac is itself situated within a widerranging ethical work, which explains how to behave and what to do to improve life.