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By Guido Reger
1. 1 objective of the learn whilst the contract for the root of the eu financial neighborhood (EC Treaty) used to be prolonged and altered via the only eu Act (SEA), ratified through the entire Member States of the eu group (EC) in July 1987, learn and techno logical improvement have been put for the 1st time on an equivalent footing with different politi cal competences of the EC. within the newly further Articles one hundred thirty f - q of the EC Treaty the goals and coverage measures are in actual fact formulated, hence giving the EC a true competence to behave. the most target of ecu study and technological improvement coverage (RID coverage) is (according to Article 130f of the ocean) to bolster the clinical and technical foundation of eu and the advance of its foreign competitiveness, to help transnational cooperation among and technological know-how, and to combine the world of study and technological improvement into the overall inspiration for the realisation of the inner industry of the ecu group. the most tools of eu RID coverage are the "Community Framework seasoned grammes", operating for numerous years, during which the goals, priorities and fmancial dimen sions are defmed for a interval of 4 to 5 years.
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Additional info for European Technology Policy in Germany: The Impact of European Community Policies upon Science and Technology in Germany
Sample text
Leted; as this sub-programme is no( technologically aimed, it was nol dealt with in greater detail in the study. Programmes without technological aims, were no( consideoed in tmre detail. 9%) and SMEs (10%). (cf. 7%). 8%); this is astonishing in view of the fact that, according to experts interviewed, this programme was also oriented towards the research requirements of European SMEs. 85). The BRITElEURAM Evaluation Panel already considers the European participation rate for SMEs to be too low.
8 million OM and includes other policy measures. Numerous enterprises, HEIs and RDIs participated several times in the EC programmes. 8% (BMFf 1990; own calculations). 35 affiliated, the basic population of participants is reduced. 2o If these figures are related to the frequency of participation of the various types of institutions, a measurement is obtained which expresses, so to speak:, the "density of participation in EC projects" (cf. 3). German participation in EC support programmes can thus be reduced to certain large enterprises, HEIs and RDIs which frequently participate in EC projects.
The reason for doing this is to make these institutes comparable to university institutes. which may be relatively independent within the university or may be organisationally tied, but are not entered in the data banks under the name of the institute but in most cases as "university X". 36 Aachen (the Rhineland-Westphalia Technological University) tops the list with 44 participations, and among the RDIs the institutes of the FhG, with 85 participations. German participants in the Second Framework Programme obviously form a definite "community" which, once the circle of project consortia has been entered, take part repeatedly in various different project consortia.