By Francesco Bullo
The sector of research and keep watch over of mechanical structures utilizing differential geometry is thriving.
This publication collects many effects during the last decade and gives a finished advent to the area.
Read or Download Geometric control of mechanical systems : modeling, analysis, and design for simple mechanical control systems PDF
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Extra info for Geometric control of mechanical systems : modeling, analysis, and design for simple mechanical control systems
Sample text
1. We start by computing the vector Z (s) = Z 1 Z2 ··· Zn := (s I − A)−1 B, R MATLAB Hint 17. zpk(z,p,k) creates a rational transfer function with zeros, poles, and gain specified by z, p, k. p. 38 which is a solution to (s I − A)Z (s) = B ⇔ (s + α1 )Z 1 + α2 Z 2 + · · · + αn−1 Z n−1 + αn Z n = Ik×k s Z 2 − Z 1 = 0, s Z 3 − Z 2 = 0, . . , s Z n = Z n−1 . From the bottom equations, we conclude that MATLAB R Hint 18. ss(sys tf) computes a realization for the transfer function sys tf. p. 39 Zn = 1 1 1 Z n−1 , Z n−1 = Z n−1 , .
3), we use the fact that given a function of two variables f (x, y), lim f (z, z) = lim lim f (x, y), z→0 x→0 y→0 as long as the two limits on the right-hand side exist. 3), we conclude that y(t) = lim lim →0 →0 ∞ u(k )g (t, k ) = lim →0 k=0 for every t ≥ 0. But lim →0 →0 u(k ) lim g (t, k ) , →0 k=0 g (t, k ) is precisely g(t, k ). Therefore ∞ y(t) = lim ∞ u(k )g(t, k ), t ≥ 0. 14) k=0 We recall now, that by the definition of the Riemann integral, ∞ f (τ )dτ = lim →0 0 ∞ f (k ). 14), we conclude that indeed ∞ y(t) = u(τ )g(t, τ )dτ, t ≥ 0.
With some abuse of notation, it is common to write simply G(t2 , t1 ) = G(t2 − t1 ), ∀t2 ≥ t1 ≥ 0. 4 For causal systems , one can choose the impulse response to satisfy G(t, τ ) = 0, ∀τ > t. 5 For time-invariant systems, one can choose the impulse response to satisfy G(t + T, τ + T ) = G(t, τ ), ∀t, τ, T ≥ 0. 7) In particular for τ = 0, t1 = T , t2 = t + T G(t2 , t1 ) = G(t2 − t1 , 0), ∀t2 ≥ t1 ≥ 0, which shows that G(t2 , t1 ) is just a function of t2 − t1 . 8) 0 where denotes the convolution operator.