By Mauro Prato
Malaria is still an alarming emergency in constructing international locations. it really is therefore pressing to spot any parasite or host molecules which can function new reasonable markers for early prognosis of affliction problems or as new objectives for vector keep watch over. during this context, human and mosquito lysozymes are solid candidate molecules, as their involvement in malaria has been lately said through numerous self sustaining teams. This e-book studies the grounded wisdom on malaria etiology and physiopathology, in addition to the present methods for analysis, treatment, and vector regulate. furthermore, the rising facts at the involvement of human and mosquito lysozymes in malaria from on hand experimental versions and medical stories is carefully mentioned, as is the capability use of alternative antimicrobial peptides opposed to malaria. Intriguingly, the individuals suggest that previous famous molecules equivalent to lysozymes may be used as new pursuits for reasonable recommendations to struggle malaria.
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Extra info for Human and Mosquito Lysozymes: Old Molecules for New Approaches Against Malaria
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The mechanism of action of mefloquine is still unknown, probably being different from 4-aminoquinolines. Activity on the parasite seems to be related to the ability of mefloquine to interfere with the transport of hemoglobin from the erythrocyte to the food vacuole (Olliaro 2001). Halofantrine and lumefantrine are other two compounds of this class, on the market alone or in combination with an artemisinin derivative, respectively. Lumefantrine is available only in an oral preparation co-formulated with artemether.
2007). Resistance, caused by point mutations in DHFR and DHPS, arises rather rapidly in response to drug pressure and is now common worldwide. Atovaquone is a hydroxynaphthoquinone antiparasitic drug active against all Plasmodium species. Atovaquone selectively inhibits the parasite mitochondrial electron transport chain at the cytochrome bc1 complex. Selectivity is due to structural differences between the cytochrome b encoded by the parasite mitochondrial DNA and that encoded by the host mitochondrial DNA (Vaidya et al.
RDTs are very useful in endemic areas since they are simple and quick to perform, easily transportable, and they do not require a source of electricity, thus offering a useful alternative to microscopy. Moreover, in non-endemic areas, they can be a complementary test in case of microscopy inexperience. Some RDTs can detect only one species of malaria parasite, some other can detect more than one. The most common antigens for RDTs are P. falciparum histidine-rich protein-2 (PfHRP2), specific for P.