By Bert Metz,Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Working Group III.
This IPCC detailed file describes assets, trap, delivery, and garage of CO2. It discusses the prices, monetary capability, and societal problems with the expertise, together with public belief and regulatory points. garage thoughts evaluated contain geological garage, ocean garage, and mineral carbonation. The document locations CO2 trap and garage within the context of different weather swap mitigation strategies. the quantity encompasses a precis for Policymakers authorized by way of governments represented within the IPCC, and a Technical precis. It presents worthy info for researchers in environmental technology, geology, engineering and the oil and gasoline area, policy-makers in governments and environmental companies, and scientists and engineers in undefined.
Read or Download IPCC special report on carbon dioxide capture and storage PDF
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Additional resources for IPCC special report on carbon dioxide capture and storage
Example text
In general, the CO2 produced in different processes varies widely in pressure and concentration (see Section 2). As a result, the cost of capture in different processes (cement and steel plants, refineries), ranges widely from about 25–115 US$/tCO2 net captured. g. 4. 11. All costs in this table are for capture only and do not include the costs of CO2 transport and storage. Costs are in constant US$2002. 3 US$ GJ-1); some plants in dataset produce electricity in addition to hydrogen. Fixed charge factors vary from 13-20%.
Pre-combustion systems process the primary fuel in a reactor with steam and air or oxygen to produce a mixture consisting mainly of carbon monoxide and hydrogen (“synthesis gas”). Additional hydrogen, together with CO2, is produced by reacting the carbon monoxide with steam in a second reactor (a “shift reactor”). The resulting mixture of hydrogen and CO2 can then be separated into a CO2 gas stream, and a stream of hydrogen. If the CO2 is stored, the hydrogen is a carbon-free energy carrier that can be combusted to generate power and/or heat.
Techniques developed for the exploration of oil and gas reservoirs, natural gas storage sites and liquid waste disposal sites are suitable for characterizing geological storage sites for CO2. Examples include seismic imaging, pumping tests for evaluating storage formations and seals, and cement integrity logs. Computer programmes that model underground CO2 movement are used to support site characterization and selection activities. These programmes were initially developed for applications such as oil and Technical potential is the amount by which it is possible to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by implementing a technology or practice that already has been demonstrated.