By Allen F. Isaacman, B. Isaacman
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Extra resources for Mozambique: From Colonialism to Revolution, 1900-82
Example text
25 To make matters worse, South African investors and officials, anxious to maintain and expand the republic's economic hegemony over Mozambique, blocked British loans that might have permitted some economic growth. Mozambique's political crisis stemmed from more than twenty years of mismanagement, corruption at all levels of the colonial bureaucracy, and financial manipulation by special interest groups. In an effort to turn this situation around, in 1920 the republican government in Lisbon re organized and centralized the administrative structure by appointing a high commissioner to replace the governor-general.
Under this accord, the colonial government received 13 shillings per worker plus 6 pence more for each month's service beyond the initial one-year contract period. In addition, half of each worker's salary was paid directly to the colonial government in gold at a fixed rate of exchange that was appreciably below the market price of gold. This permitted the Portuguese government to resell it on the world market at a substantial profit. Throughout the colonial period, the recruitment tax, together with the sale of gold, was a major source of income and ensured Mozambique's continued economic dependence on South Africa.
1 Legal Slave Exports from Mozambique Island and Quelimane, Selected Years 1764-1830 Number 1764 1768 ca. 1770-79 1781 1784 1788 1794 1803 1818 1819 108 158 9,158 9,315 2,313 11,016 3,807 5,239 9,281 12,953 1821 15,282 1822 9,371 1825 7,808 1828 11,488 1830 10,449 (from (from (from (from (from (from Quelimane) Quelimane) Mozambique Mozambique Mozambique Mozambique Island Island Island Island to on on on the Mascarene Islands) Portuguese ships) Portuguese ships) Portuguese ships) (from Mozambique Island) (from Mozambique Island to Brazil and total Quelimane exports) (total exports from Mozambique Island and Quelimane exports to Rio de Janeiro) (exports from Mozambique Island and Quelimane to Rio de Janeiro and Maranhao) (exports from Mozambique Island and Quelimane to Rio de Janeiro) (exports from Mozambique Island and Quelimane to Rio de Janeiro) (exports from Mozambique Island and Quelimane to Rio de Janeiro from January through June) Sources: Edward A.