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By Lydia Bjornlund

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Forecasters predicted that the hurricane was headed directly for North Carolina and then to New Jersey. New York City mayor Michael R. Bloomberg ordered the evacuation of low-lying areas and shut down the city’s subway and bus systems for the first time in history. On the morning of August 27 the storm made landfall on North Carolina’s coast within 10 miles (16 km) of where scientists had forecasted. From there, the storm tracked back over the Atlantic Ocean, picking up water until it slammed into New Jersey, following the path that had been outlined by computer models.

Using satellite images of the storm, meteorologists measured its diameter at 510 miles (821 km), about one-third the size of the US Atlantic coastline. Communities from South Carolina to New England prepared for Irene’s wrath. Thousands of people were evacuated from the coast and low-lying areas. Forecasters predicted that the hurricane was headed directly for North Carolina and then to New Jersey. New York City mayor Michael R. Bloomberg ordered the evacuation of low-lying areas and shut down the city’s subway and bus systems for the first time in history.

NOAA planes, for instance, have radar systems on the nose, belly, and tail of the plane. David Tennesen, who pilots NOAA aircraft, says, “We’re actually in a flying weather station. ”26 49 To complement the data gathered by instrumentation aboard the aircraft itself, the crew drops dropsondes directly into the storm. A variation on a radiosonde, a dropsonde is an instrument package attached to a small parachute. On their way down, dropsondes measure wind speed and direction, temperature, dropsondes air pressure, and other storm characteristics twice Instruments that every second, relaying this data back to the crew.

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