By Rolf Rüggeberg (auth.), Günter Müller, Robert P. Blanc (eds.)
The contributions supply an outline of analysis in tele- communications and disbursed platforms. the most half con- concentrates at the review of the CCITT options and ISO criteria with recognize to OSI and ISDN and consumer ser- vices. It additionally stories new functions which are turning into a- vailable in smooth workplaces, production, and the general public area. diversified techniques are mentioned as to how those purposes should be builtmore simply with complicated software- ming rools. bargains with working structures help for commu- nication systems.
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Sample text
Introduction The RC family of algorithms is widely deployed in many networking applications because of their favorable speed and variable key length capabilities. This section briefly discusses their operation and compares them to other encryption algorithms. RC Algorithms The “RC” (for “Ron’s Code” or “Rivest’s Cipher”) algorithms were designed all or in part by Ronald Rivest. Some of the most widely used are: RC2: Variable key-size block cipher designed as a “drop-in” replacement for DES. RC4: Variable key-size stream cipher.
Their design is based on computational problems such as factoring extremely large numbers, or computing discrete logarithms of extremely large numbers. Because of their lack of speed they are usually used in low volume cryptographic mechanisms (digital signatures, key exchange), but their key management tends to be simpler (compared to symmetric algorithms), as one of the two encryption/decryption keys can usually be made public. 0 Copyright © 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. Block and Stream Ciphers Block cipher: • Transforms a fixed-length block of plaintext data into a block of ciphertext data of the same length • Block size varies by algorithm (DES has 8 bytes) • Padding is used to trim data to a multiple of block size • The ciphertext is generally longer than plaintext (changes message size) Stream cipher: • Typically operate on smaller units of plaintext, usually bits • Does not change the message size • Transformation of smaller plaintext units will vary depending on when they are encountered during encryption © 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc.
Joan Daemen (Proton World International) and Vincent Rijmen (Katholieke Universiteit Leuven) submitted Rijndael. It is an iterated block cipher, meaning that the initial input block and cipher key undergoes multiple transformation cycles before producing the output. The algorithm can operate over a variable-length block using variable-length keys; a 128-, 192-, or 256-bit key can be used to encrypt data blocks that are 128, 192, or 256 bits long, and all nine combinations of key and block length are possible (the accepted AES implementation contains only some of Rijndael’s total capabilities).