By David Nicolle
Книга Osprey crusade №64. Nicopolis 1396 Osprey crusade №64. Nicopolis 1396 Книги Исторические Автор: D.Nicolle Формат: pdf Издат.:Osprey Страниц: ninety eight Размер: 31 Mb ISBN: 085532 918 eight Язык: Английский0 (голосов: zero) Оценка:Серия военныхкниг Campaignот Osprey.
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Extra resources for nicopolis 1396 the last crusade
Sample text
Most of the manufactured goods sold in the market are produced outside the Modjokuto area, often outside Indonesia. The argument here is simply that, with the partial exception of the more differentiated manufacturing enterprises we shall discuss below, what processing and manufacturing activities do take place in the local area are structurally part and parcel of the pasar pattern. Economic Development in Modjokuto • 33 ary accounting makes it difficult for either the buyer or the seller to calculate very exactly what, in any particular case, a "reasonable" price is.
The main result of this social segregation has been that the pasar has tended to form a fairly self-contained cultural universe for its participants, while at the same time the status of the trader in the wider society has been ambiguous at best, pariah-like at worst. One cannot fully understand the bazaar-trader, and so the bazaar economy in general, unless one realizes that trading in and of itself, trading for trading's sake is one of the primary goals of his life. The trader sees trade as a peasant sees agriculture, or as a civil servant sees administration- as the expression of his essential self.
In the absence, now or in the past, of any capital-intensive agricultural activity of the sugar-mill and plantation sort, monetization, proletarianization, and integration into a world-wide economy have all gone rather less far, in both town and village, than they have in the Modjokuto area. On the political level a similar contrast appears. Though there are two major political parties of importance in Tabanan, as there are in Bali generally, the Nationalist (Partai Nasional Indonesia, PNI) and the Socialist (Partai Sosialis Indonesia, PSI), they do not have around them the whole structure of auxiliary associations that accompanies the parties in Modjokuto, nor are they nearly so systematically organized as in the Javanese town.