By Paul Martin Postal
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Successors can be either of two types, depending on whether the pair share the same tail node or not. Arcs which share tail nodes are said to be NEIGHBOURS. Distinct neighboring arcs represent instances where distinct elements bear relations to the same linguistic elements. If a successor/predecessor pair are neighbors, one speaks of LOCAL Successors, if not, of FOREIGN successors. More generally, local appended to any relation between arcs indicates that those arcs are neighbours, while Foreign indicates that they are nonneighbors.
They simply make terminologically explicit the notions already present in the underlying system of primitives. Any defined concept is in fact eliminable at the price of complicating theoretical discourse. If one eliminated any subset of theoretical definitions while continuing to appeal to the defined concepts, each previously defined construct could be taken as a new primitive. But this would save nothing, since the earlier definitions would have to show up as new laws governing the relations between items in the enriched primitive vocabulary.
I find this rather unjust. 9. Later in the same work (Chomsky (1981: 128-135)), the author tries to develop an account of Japanese passives which is abstractly parallel to that for English passives. This is attempted despite his assumption that Japanese is a 'nonconfigurational' NL and, in particular, has base rules which introduce no VP node. Chomsky's common account of English/Japanese passives depends on talking about the same grammatical relations in both NLs. This renders the account incoherent as far as I can see.