By Lynn H. Gamble
While Spanish explorers and missionaries got here onto Southern California's shorelines in 1769, they encountered the massive cities and villages of the Chumash, a those that at the moment have been one of the such a lot complex hunter-gatherer societies on the earth. The Spanish have been entertained and fed at lavish feasts hosted through chiefs who governed over the settlements and who participated in vast social and financial networks. during this first sleek synthesis of information from the Chumash heartland, Lynn H. Gamble weaves jointly a number of resources of proof to re-create the wealthy tapestry of Chumash society. Drawing from archaeology, old records, ethnography, and ecology, she describes lifestyle within the huge mainland cities, concentrating on Chumash tradition, family association, politics, economic climate, war, and extra.
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The Chumash World at European Contact: Power, Trade, and Feasting Among Complex Hunter-Gatherers
While Spanish explorers and missionaries got here onto Southern California's beaches in 1769, they encountered the massive cities and villages of the Chumash, a those that at the moment have been one of the so much complex hunter-gatherer societies on the planet. The Spanish have been entertained and fed at lavish feasts hosted by means of chiefs who governed over the settlements and who participated in broad social and monetary networks.
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However, before I begin the discussion of Chumash sociopolitical and economic life, I will provide some background on the cultural ecology of the Chumash. The environment in 1769 is reconstructed on the basis of historic accounts and other documentation. Resources of significance to the Chumash are discussed, with a special emphasis on the Goleta Slough area. Next, a cultural context for the Chumash at the time of historic contact is established. I then present a brief overview of the archaeologists, anthropologists, and others who provide important information on the Chumash, with a discussion of the strengths, weaknesses, and biases inherent in their data.
Note: Some of the names of the plant communities have been slightly changed from Brandoff’s terminology. aPlants probably used by the Chumash, but not documented. ) (see Erlandson 1994:Table 2-1). FAUNA Although land mammals were more essential to the diets of interior people than to those of mainland coastal people, inhabitants of the coastal regions also hunted them. The most commonly used land mammals exploited by the Chumash are listed in table 3; their habitats have not been included because they vary considerably.
This section provides a brief review of the sources used in this book and their reliability. EUROPEAN EXPLORERS ’ DIARIES The earliest account of the Chumash is based on a diary written by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo, who traveled to Baja and Alta California in 1542. Unfortunately, Cabrillo’s diary did not survive. Further documentation of the journey was prepared in 1543 by Juan León, a notary in Mexico City who had seen written accounts of the expedition and had interviewed survivors upon their return (Beebe and Senkewicz 2001:31).