By J. J. ban Klaberen (auth.)
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Sovereignty was therefore highly unreal and arbitrary and for the time being, an empty phrase. C. developed from merchant to sovereign and extended its government into the interior this proclarnation was to become of tangible significance. Building 01 Batavia: So we see Batavia founded in 1619 after the conquest of Jacatra, lying on a desolate swampy coast with a forested hinterland in which few scattered settlements lay, mostly of the ladang type. The Dutch, after all, preferred to have a vacuum around their capital.
They marched off to the east, their ranks swelling with local Chinese where they came. They conquered Rembang and Joana and killed the Europeans. They besieged Semarang without success. Paku Buwono H collaborated with the Chinese, at first secretly, but soon openly. The Dutch citadel of Karta was besieged and taken. Officers were put to the sword. The men were spared if they embraced Islam. C. troops, together with auxiliary troops of long maltreated Madurese, were sent to quell the rebellion and Paku Buwono II soon regretted having begun at all.
476). C. had her own quarries (46, p. 459). For the walls of the city and the streets coral-stone was gathered in the Bay 9) The same is done in Bangkok. 44 of Batavia, wood came from the surrounding forests as weIl as bambus. But more and more teakwood was bought from Japara. Prominent people had marble brought from Persia clandestinely to adom their houses (46, p. 476). Pioneers of stonebui1ding in the archipelago were, however, the Chinese. Chinese bricks and glazed tiles had since long been exported to Insulinde.