By Chester Wardlow
The problem of transportation at domestic and in another country turns into one in every of first significance whilst conflict moves. the stress at the transportation platforms and the clash of civilian and armed forces calls for turn into quick and critical difficulties. In global wars the USA has needed to remedy a lot of those difficulties after hostilities begun, and for this reason to resolve them in haste, through trial and blunder. As new and enhanced technique of shipping are brought, the questions of army transportation develop into more challenging. the pony and mule had their shortcomings, yet their use concerned few of the problems that bedevil the army during this computer age. The military should have not just sufficient apparatus but in addition substitute elements to maintain that gear working within the box. effective use of transportation necessitates co-ordination in the militia and among army and civilian businesses. in the course of international battle II a lot used to be performed to extend potent use of ships, railway automobiles, and motorcars, yet efforts to stability the aggressive calls for of civilian and armed forces site visitors within the region of inside have been basically in part winning. cautious making plans is important to minimize problems similar to these which beset us in 1917 and 1941. the current quantity, first of this sequence to accommodate the Army's technical providers, starts off an account of the transportation difficulties of the military and their answer in international warfare II, together with these of inter-Allied co-ordination. This quantity is the 1st of 3 in regards to the military Transportation Corps in international conflict II. It delineates the character of the transportation job, the features and association of the Transportation Corps, and its working difficulties and relationships within the region of inside. A moment quantity will care for the execution of troop and provide events within the quarter of inside and to the oversea instructions, the association and coaching of Transportation Corps troops, and the advance, procurement, and distribution of Transportation Corps matériel. a 3rd quantity will describe Transportation Corps association and actions in oversea theaters and bases. among the covers of this booklet is to be stumbled on info that may give a contribution considerably to our making plans and education for transportation emergencies sooner or later.
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Additional info for The Transportation Corps : responsibilities, organization, and operations
Example text
90 Transcription published in The New York Times, September 6, 1945. THE TRANSPORTATION CORPS 1945 was less than half that of the preceding year. The supply of liquid fuel had been reduced to what could be obtained in Japan, Manchuria, and China. The reduction in coal output and the difficulty of transporting the product had caused a general decline in industrial activity. Steel production had been cut to one-fourth of prewar output, so that little was available for building new ships. Under the circumstances it became barely possible to provide the Japanese forces in the various parts of "Greater 91 East Asia" with adequate equipment.
From the standpoint of geography the advantage was strongly with the Axis. Germany and Japan had shorter lines of communication, which meant that they required less transportation equipment and had less military manpower and matériel tied up in the "pipeline" from the zone of interior to the combat areas. Germany also had inside lines of communication radiating from the homeland to the combat areas, a situation which afforded greater flexibility in the redeployment of troops and supplies. The fact that Germany's lines of communication were mostly overland meant that her war potential was less affected by the hazards which beset ocean shipping and that her army could employ short-range transport planes more extensively in its logistic operations.
First large vessel to dock at Naha after the invasion of Okinawa (bottom). The capacity of ports to discharge and forward cargo had to be carefully calculated in planning military operations. 22 Middle and Far East, full advantage of the resultant saving in ships was taken in planning future operations. The same was true when the possibility of moving lend-lease supplies to the Soviet Union through Black Sea ports rather than the Persian Gulf became reasonably certain. No transportation policy or program was considered inflexible; it was always subject to adjustment in the light of new conditions.