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By E. Evan Brown Ph.D. (auth.)
Until the 1st version of global Fish Farming: Cultivation and Econom ics used to be released a number of years in the past, there has been very little monetary and technical info on advertisement aquaculture both via nations or via species. i attempted at the moment to partly fill the distance within the literature. during this moment version, i've got up-to-date information initially provided and elevated the scope by means of including new nations. New trout info were extra for 10 western ecu international locations; sections on expense of construction of food-sized catfish and fingerlings within the united states; new and enhanced chapters for Japan, Hungary, Indonesia, the Philippines, and the uk; and com pletely new chapters bearing on Poland, Thailand, and Czechoslovakia have all been additional to this variation. The publication now comprises 31 nations, together with all significant generating ones. among five. five and six. zero million metric a whole lot finfish, shrimp, and crayfish cultured construction are represented, which debts for roughly 909c of the world's overall. The People's Republic of China and the USSR, in addition to international locations at the continents of Europe, Asia, North the USA, and Oceania, are represented. as a result of purely minimum suggested cultured fish construction in Africa and South the USA, those continents were passed over. additionally, in response to info got from New Zealand, there is not any culturing offish in that nation except for restocking of public waters. greater than a hundred species of cultured fish, seven species of shrimp and prawns, and 6 species of crayfish are discussed.
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Additional info for World Fish Farming: Cultivation and Economics
Sample text
Existing producers are unlikely to discontinue production while there are still sufficient water resources in the states of Wisconsin, Michigan, Missouri, Arkansas, Minnesota, Pennsylvania, and North Carolina for some expansion by new producers. WARMWATER CULTURED FISH Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatusj Private warmwater fish culture in the United States probably began in the late 1920s and early 1930s. During this period a few individuals began raising minnows to supply the growing demand for fish bait for sports fishing.
Size. 24 WORLD FISH FARMING When all the fingerling catfish in a pond are to be harvested, as many as 75% of the fish may be removed by seining the feeding areas before the pond is drained. In summer it is best to harvest the fish early in the morning while water and air are cool. Care should be taken to avoid excessive muddying of the water. If possible, sites with a firm obstacle-free bottom should be selected as feeding and seining areas. After the seining is completed, the pond is drained to recover the rest of the fish.
When fish reproduce in ponds, they pair when they are ready to spawn, and fighting is not a serious problem. Although most culturists prefer or require that the male be slightly larger than the female, biologists who have observed hundreds of pairs spawned in aquaria under different experimental conditions have concluded that males and females of similar size should be used. If the male is considerably larger than the female, spawning is usually successful; if the female is much the larger, however, she usually attacks the male and may not mate with him.